Improving fertilizer and water recommendation for some varieties of sesame (Sesamum indicum) in different sites of Iran.

Drought stress is imposed cropping pattern to cultivate crops with low water requirement. Sesame required low water and nutrient to develop and therefore, planting acreage and attention to sesame is increasing. Researched data on phosphate fertilizer recommendation for sesame in Iran is limited. Therefore this experiment was carried out in factorial with completely block design with 3 replications to investigate the effects of different amounts of P on some sesame varieties in 4 sites of Iran. First factor was five P2O5 level from TSP (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg.ha-1). The second factor was 2 sesame varieties for each site. The sites were Behbehan, Darab, Jiroft and Bushehr. In Darab, varieties Darab 14 and line 1, in Behbehan local mass and synthetic, in Jiroft local mass and Jiroft 13, in Bushehr Dashtestan and Darab 1, were planted. All of P fertilizer was used before planting. A complex soil sample was taken before planting. Each plot had 4 planting line with 5 m length and distance between rows were 50 cm. Grain yield, oil percentage and P concentration in seed samples was measured. Results were statistically analyzed with SAS (9.1) software and means was separated with Duncan test. Based on results in Bushehr, effect of year on oil percentage, N and P concentration in grain were significant. The furthest % N and % P was belonging to first year but in second year % oil was further than first year. Lowest grain yield obtained from first year. Only the main effect of variety was significant on grain yield and Darab had further yield. In blank (without P) Dashtestan had further yield. Main effect of P rate on %P was insignificant but interaction effect of 2 factors on %P was significant and main effect of variety on it was too and Darab had further %P . Interaction of two factors on P uptake was significant and 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 in Darab variety had furthest P uptake. In Darab city, main and interaction effects of two factors on 1000 kernel weight and shoot length was insignificant. Main and interact effect of two factors on grain yield was significant. In Darab 14 variety further grain yield (1363 kg.ha-1) was obtained from 50 kg P2O5 which its difference with blank was insignificant and in Darab 1 was the same condition. Furthest % P was belonging to 100 kg P2O5. In each variety with increase in P rate %P increased. Main and interaction of tow factor an P uptake was significant and furthest was from Darab 14 with 50 kg P2O5.In Behbehan first year had significantly furthest grain yield but in second year %P was further. Between 2 years there was no difference on P uptake. Synthetic variety had significantly lower yield. Main effect of P rate on grain yield was insignificant. Furthest grain yield obtained from local mass with 50 kg P2O5 which its difference with blank of it was insignificant but with blank of synthetic was significant. Key words: sesame, nitrogen, aplite application, regions, yield, oil : Abstract