Metal-Urea-Montmorillonite Hybrid Incorporated with Citric Acid
2013
Kim, K.S., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kim, M.T., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Ryu, J.H., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Choi, J.S., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Park, K.D., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Kang, H.W., RDA, Suwon, Republic of Korea | Park, M., Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of korea
Massive intercalation of urea into montmorillonite (MUCH) was recently proposed to enhance urea use efficiency through smart suppression of emission of NH3 and NOx. This study was to synthesize citrate-incorporated MUCH (Cit-MUCH) which can enhance suppression of NH3 volatilization. The XRD pattern of Cit-MUCH was very similar to that of MUCH to indicate successful incorporation of citric acid into MUCH. Incorporation of citric acid was confirmed by the existence of COO- symmetric stretching vibration. During the initial 4 days after application, NH3 volatilization from both bare and perilla-planted soils was much more suppressed by application of Cit-MUCH than MUCH. A peak volatilization rate decreased from 28.3 N mg m-2 h-1 of MUCH-broadcasted soil to 22.2 N mg m-2 h-1 of Cit-MUCH-broadcast soil. NH3 volatilization was less in planted soil than bare soil for 72 hrs after application. These results showed that incorporation of citric acid led to increase in suppression of ammonia volatilization from urea-applied soils.
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