Insect pests and their control on organically-grown crops in Camarines Sur [Philippines]
2014
Mostoles, M.D.J. | SopeR.C. | Pontillas, P.P. | Gumba, R.B. | Ng, M.E.M. | Alvarado, E.L.B. | Conchas, C.M. | Oliquino, O.P. | Iraula, J.A. | Billones, R.A.
Insect pests of vegetables grown in Camarines Sur were identified and control methods fields evaluated from May to December 2013. Resistance of sesame, eggplant and basil varieties, efficacy of botanicals against pests of sesame, cucumber and talinum were determined. Holy basil was tested as para-pheromone for fruit fly-trapping. Foliage feeders were the major pests of lubi-lubi among 38 pests and Callimetopus among the 19 natural enemy species. Whitefly, aphids and leafhoppers were the major ones among 11 insect pests of sesame with FIC B-50902 exhibiting greater resistance than the other five varieties (FIC T1189, FIC SB, FIC W-50902, FIC DB, FIC V6). FIC SB is the highest yielder. Aphids were the major pest of basil among 13 insect species. Thai basil and holy basil were resistant to sucking and chewing insects, purple basil moderately resistant to chewing and sweet basil moderately susceptible to sucking insects. EFSB (Leucinodes orbonalis), the major eggplant pest, caused great damage to varieties IPB 3, IPB 4, IPB 16, Morena, DLP, Mamburao, while IPB 11, Mara S1 and S2 were resistant to EFSB. Whitefly population decreased with spraying lantana extract at seedling stage, kakawate at vegetative and fruiting stages of cucumber whereas squash beetle populations decreased with langkawas sprayed at seedling and vegetative stages. The botanicals tested failed to control aphids and leafhoppers on sesame. Intercrops of talinum failed to reduce infestations of major pests. Fruit fly species trapped using the para-pheromone were: Bactrocera philippinensis, B. occipitalis and B. umbrusa and B. musae. Holy basil could not substitute methyl eugenol as a para-pheromone.
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