Auto-resonant ultrasonic cutting of materials for machinery manufacture
2016
Astashev, V., Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). A. Blagonravov Inst. of Machines Science | Krupenin, V., Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (Russian Federation). A. Blagonravov Inst. of Machines Science
Technologies that use ultrasonic vibration to intensify processes are gaining wide recognition in scientific and industrial environments. By superimposing high frequency vibration, the basic mechanical behaviour of many processes and materials is seen to be transformed. This leads to the development of new machines and processes with advanced characteristic s. Important results of processing some materials with auto- resonance ultrasonic nano-turning are presented in this article. After ultrasonic processing of materials, nanostructured near-surface layers emerge. These structures are responsible for the micromechanical characteristics of the material. The developed technology allows processing of various hard-to-machine materials with the obtainment of a surface of heightened geometrical and mechanical properties and with minimum power inputs and material capacity. The article presents the results of the analysis of the structure of component surface layers subjected to ultrasonic turning with an auto-resonant device. The presented photographs demonstrate the formation of nanostructures in the thin surface layers of the processed sample materials. It is shown that auto- resonant ultrasonic treatment leads to hardening of the surface layers. At present, there are some new devices for vibro-cutting and smoothing of materials, such as titan and titanic alloys, heat resisting steels, ceramics, and various kinds of glass, pig-iron, and others. Moreover, owing to the well-directed processing of the near-surface layers of materials, where systems of nanostructures are formed, a number of intermediate operations, such as, for instance, grinding and polishing, turn out to be excluded from the technological processes, and this, as a consequence, enables one to lower the manufacture cost price.
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