Acetylcholinesterase activity and liver histology of Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus Linn.) exposed to carbamate and organophosphate insecticides
2015
Achondo, M.J.M.M. | Ocampo, P.P.
This study determined whether the level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and liver histology of Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) induced by anticholinesterase insecticides in the laboratory was detectable among the non-induced freshly caught birds from the wild. There were five different test groups designated: Groups A (birds caught during pre-booting to booting stage of rice) and B (birds caught during heading to flowering stage of rice), which were immediately analyzed for enzyme activity, Group C and D (treated with the residual concentrations of carbamate and chlorpyrifos insecticides, respectively), and Control Group (depurated in the laboratory for 30 days). Results showed that the AChE activity of the test species appeared significantly inhibited among insecticide-treated groups (Groups C and D) as compared to the control group. Group A showed consistently low AChE activity and was comparable to the inhibition rate observed in the treated groups; while in Group B, AChE activity is quite comparable with that on the control. Looking into the liver histology, Groups A and B were assessed and showed mild abnormalities as compared to the apparent lesions in the liver in Groups C and D. The observed vacuolation from the liver in groups A and B might indicate their exposure to carbamate insecticides sprayed in the field. The present study confirmed that these birds are among the non-target species that could be readily affected by the ChE-inhibitor insecticides and can be used as bioindicators of insecticide contamination in wetlands.
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