Effect of various factors on wheat production

The study was undertaken in three villages of district Peshawar by taking a sample of 234 respondents using a proportional allocation technique. The selected three villages are Regi, Lakaray and Putwar. Main objective of the study was to find out the cost and return from wheat production and to compare the yield of wheat in respect of education, certified seed and flood affected area. Cost and returns of wheat production were estimated through simple budgeting method, and the profit function was estimated through regression analysis. In estimating the cost of wheat production, land preparation cost, seed cost, fertility inputs cost, irrigation cost and labor cost were taken in to account. Total cost incurred in the production of wheat was Rs. 28286.84 per acre. Fertility input, land rent and land preparation cost were 35.2, 30.30 and 15.18 percent respectively of the total cost of production of wheat in the study area. The average yield of wheat per acre is 1554.63 kg and the average net return from wheat production is Rs. 22465.5 per acre, was recorded in the study area. Farmer's net return is largely determined by output price, cost incurred and total wheat production. The net revenue of the wheat growers is estimated by profit function. The results show that there is a positive relationship between profit and price of wheat, quantity of wheat, price of by-product, and quantity of by-product and also show a negative relationship of profit with the total cost. The effect of literacy, certified seed and flood affected area of the farmers has been estimated. The literate farmers produced 99.9 kg more wheat yield per acre than the illiterate farmers. Farmers who used certified seed have 127.41 kg more yield per acre than the farmers who didn't use certified seed. Similarly for flood affected area the farmers produce 54.8 kg les yield per acre as compare to the non-flood area.