Assessment of the efficiency of an experimental two-disk ploughshare with truncate conical furrow forming ledges

English. Ploughshare appears one of the most important working organs, forming the furrow and providing optimal depth of seed placement. The most advanced ploughshares in modern agriculture are presented by two-disc ones, suitable for any soil type. But, above mentioned ploughshares possess several shortcomings, such as high metal consumption, irregularity of seed distribution and dispersion of the seeds over the ground. Therefore, development of the new disc ploughshares with substantiated parameters providing uniform distribution of the seeds and possessing low metal consumption appears the serious scientific challenge. On the basis of the analytical research the constructive-technological scheme of a two-disc ploughshare with a zero angle of slope and truncate conical furrow forming ledges has been developed. Furrow forming ledges allow making furrows with an increased area of soil compaction under seeds and side surface. In comparison with serial disc ploughshares they ensure a quicker soaking of seeds and their field germination ability. The article determines the dependence of the depth of furrow formation and the depth of seed placement, and also the difference between the depth of furrows and seeds depending on the speed of ploughshares movement and their pressure on soil.

Russian. На основании аналитических исследований разработана конструктивно-технологическая схема двухдискового сошника с нулевым углом атаки дисков и усеченно-конусными ребордами-бороздообразователями. Наличие реборд-бороздообразователей позволяет формировать бороздки с повышенной площадью уплотнения почвы под семенами и боковой поверхности. По сравнению с серийными дисковыми сошниками они обеспечивают быстрейшее набухание семян и их полевую всхожесть. В статье определены зависимости глубины образования бороздок и глубины укладки семян, а также разности между глубиной бороздок и семенами в зависимости от скорости движения сошников и давления прижатия их к почве.