Effect of phytase producing bacteria Bacillus sp. F-12 and Bacillus sp. F-99 on germination of plant seeds and biochemical properties of soil

English. Phosphorus appears one of the most important biogenic elements, limiting plant growth and development. Water soluble phosphorous fertilizers, traditionally used for phosphorus deficit replenishment, are generally immobilized and become inaccessible for plants. Utilization of the microorganisms, solubilizing inorganic and mineralizing organic phosphorous compounds and transforming them into easily-to-consumption forms represents a solvation of the problem. The article deals with the evaluation of the ability of Bacillus sp. F-12 and Bacillus sp. F99 to solubilize inorganic phosphates and determination of the spectrum of extracellular enzymes, influencing the growth of the test plants. Physiological and biochemical characteristics of the strains of Bacillus sp. F-12 and bacillus sp. F99 and their in vitro influence on germination of test plant seeds and biochemical properties of soil has been investigated in the article. It has been found that bacteria in submerged culture actively solubilized sodium phytate and FePO4 and to a lesser extent – AlPO4 and Ca3(PO4)2 to produce phytase, protease and cellulase. It has been shown that treatment of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds with cultural liquids of Bacillus sp. F12 and bacillus sp. F99 raised rate and power of germination, shortened the length of seedlings and increased their weight. It has also been established in vitro that titer of bacteria introduced into the soil tended to rise 100-fold by the following 20days. The action of bacterium Bacillus sp. F-99 resulted in increase of soil enzymatic activity and elevated the contents of phosphorus, reducing substances and protein.

Russian. Исследованы физиолого-биохимические особенности штаммов бактерий Bacillus sp. 12 и Bacillus sp. 99, а также их влияние in vitro на прорастание семян тест-растений и биохимические показатели почвы. Установлено, что бактерии активно минерализуют фитат натрия и солюбилизируют FeP04, в меньшей мере-А1Р04 и Са3(Р04)2 и продуцируют фитазу, протеазу и целлюлазу. Показано, что обработка семян кресс-салата (Lepidium sativum) культу рал ьными жидкостями Bacillus sp. Ф-12 и Bacillus sp. Ф-99 повышает всхожесть и энергию прорастания семян, сокращает длину проростков и увеличивает их массу. Обнаружено также in vitro, что численность бактерий через 20 дней после их внесения в почву повышается более чем в 100 раз. Результатом жизнедеятельности бактерий Bacillus sp. Ф-99 к указанному сроку является увеличение ферментативной активности почвы, а также повышение содержания в ней фосфора, редуцирующих веществ и белка.