Effective use of milking equipment for production of competitive milk

Russian. Рассмотрены способы содержания животных на молочных фермах, дана оценка каждому из них. Показана необходимость переоснащения существующих молочно-товарных ферм, поскольку традиционные системы машин и оборудования не могут обеспечить получение конкурентной продукции. Проанализированы варианты эффективного использования современного доильного оборудования. Результаты исследований позволяют определить направления по снижению себестоимости процесса доения коров и, следовательно, направления перспективных научно- технических работ по совершенствованию доильных установок.

English. Among the branches of productive animal husbandry milk producing branch occupies the top place. In the Republic of Belarus, this branch consumes more than 50% of all labor and money expenses. The most economically effective way of milk branch development is maximal use of biological potential of animals and technical capacity of agricultural enterprises. The paper deals with the ways of livestock maintenance at dairy farms and the assessment of these ways. The most important characteristics of milk production on 400-cows size milk farm are analyzed. Dependence of self-cost of produced milk on annual level of milk yield while milking of cows with the help of different milking equipment is evaluated. Correlation between profit level and milk realization price in terms of different self-cost is measured. It has shown that it is necessary to modernize the existing dairy farms as traditional systems of machines and equipment can’t ensure the production of competitive products. Different variants of the efficient use of modern milking equipment are analyzed. The results of the research enable to determine the directions for reducing the cost price of milking operations, and consequently the directions of scientific and technological work on the improvement of milking machines.