Activities of hydrolytic enzymes in carbon and nitrogen cycles in highly fertile luvisol sandy loam soil under different levels of mineral nutrition
2016
Lapa,V.V. | Mikhailovskaya,N.A. | Kasyanchik,S.A. | Mezentseva,E.G. | Kulesh,O.G. | Pogirnitskaya,Т.V. | Barashenka,T.B.
Russian. На основании определения активности ключевых гидролитических ферментов в циклах С и N (целлюлаза, инвертаза, протеаза и уреаза) получены биохимические показатели минерализации при разных уровнях минерального питания сельскохозяйственных культур на высоко окультуренной дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой почве. Приведены биохимические показатели усиления минерализации при внесении 60 т/га соломистого навоза, его сочетании с Р20K45 и Р40K90, а также при внесении возрастающих доз азота (N60 и N60+30 под зерновые культуры, N90 и N90+30 под кукурузу) и их сочетании с микроэлементами (N60+30Cu50+Mn50 под зерновые культуры и N90+30Zn100 под кукурузу) на фонах навоза и его сочетаний с РK-удобрениями. По критериям высокой и устойчивой продуктивности культур и сберегающего уровня минерализации в циклах С и N определены экологически целесообразные варианты нагрузки по удобрениям, обеспечивающие сохранение достигнутого уровня плодородия.
Show more [+] Less [-]English. Biological diagnostics of arable soils supposes evaluation of the influence of fertilizers on mineralization intensity in the cycles of the main biogenic elements. The main purpose of the research presented in the article is quantitative evaluation of activity of the key degradation processes of C and N-containing compounds in cultivated sod-podzol light loamy soil within different levels of mineral nutrition of agricultural crops. As a result of determination of activities of hydrolytic enzymes of C and N cycles (cellulase, invertase, protease and urease) biochemical parameters of mineralization have been calculated under different levels of crop fertilization on highly fertile Luvisol sandy loam soil. Biochemical parameters of mineralization increase due to the application of FYM (60 t ha–1), its combination with PK-fertilizer (Р20K45 and Р40K90) as well as due to increasing doses of nitrogen (N60 and N60+30 for cereals, N90 and N90+30 for maize) and its combination with microelements (N60+30Cu50+Mn50 for cereals, N90+30Zn100 for maize) are presented. On the basis of the criteria of high and sustainable crop productivity as well as moderate level of mineralization in C and N cycles ecologically reasonable fertilizer treatments which ensure the maintenance of the reached level of fertility have been established.
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