Formation of Herbage on the Basis of Changeable Alfalfa on Sod- Podzolic Soils of the Upper Volga Region

The article presents the results of years of research on forming highly productive and long-standing herbage of perennial grasses on the basis of changeable alfalfa on sod-podzolic soils of the upper Volga region. It is established that in the conditions of Ivanovo region changeable alfalfa and its mixtures can be successfully grown to produce high and stable yields of forage mass. The inclusion of the herbage of alfalfa changeable can extend their productive longevity and helps to ensure a complete balanced protein ready to feed, and the accumulation of large quantities of nitrogen, which is an essential reserve of increase of fertility of sod-podzolic soils and productivity of crops. In a single crop provides maximum productivity of alfalfa changeable on the control – 408 t/ha of green mass, dry matter 91, 0, 198 FFP, 67,9 feed units and 11,6 kg/ha digestible protein and alfalfa and clover on the background of mineral nutrition, respectively 419-475 green mass of 83.8- 95,0 dry matter 208-127 PKO, 84,8-63,2 feed units and 14,3 to 10,5 t/ha of digestible protein. The application of mineral fertilizers significantly 1.4 times increases the productivity of the clover has little effect on alfalfa. In mixed swards the highest levels of productivity form a mixture of alfalfa and clover 25% Timothy 50% for the control and mixtures with clover 50% on the background of mineral nutrition. The security of fodder unit of digestible protein in grasses was lower zootechnical standards (105-110g), legumes and mixtures with their participation is much higher. The greatest amount of nitrogen, both General and symbiotic accumulates on both backgrounds alfalfa changeable. On the control it has accumulated 235 kg/ha of total and 204 kg/ha symbiotic on the background with mineral fertilizers – 246 and 197 kg/ha, respectively. In mixed crops the maximum amount of FFP and accumulates nitrogen mixture with the ratio of the volatile components of alfalfa 50% + clover 25% + Timothy 25% alfalfa and clover 25% +Timothy 50% on control. On a mineral background to stand out the mixture with a ratio of clover 50%, which accumulated 168 kg/ha total and 141 kg/ha of symbiotic nitrogen