Use of high-density marker genotyping for genetic improvement of livestock by genomic selection.
2010
Dekkers, J. C. M.
Genomic or whole-genome selection represents a technological development in the use of a large number of genetic markers for genetic improvement, which is expected to lead to a paradigm shift in the design and implementation of livestock breeding programmes. Genomic selection (GS) is based on the simultaneous use of large numbers (>50 000) of genetic markers for selection of individuals without phenotype and has been made possible by recent developments in genomics and in statistical methods for analysis and prediction. The objectives of this review are to describe the principles of whole-genome selection analyses, opportunities that are provided by GS to enhance and redesign breeding programmes, summarize results of recent implementations of GS analyses in dairy cattle and describe issues associated with current implementations of GS analyses. Finally, future avenues of research that can be pursued to address these issues and develop statistical methods and breeding programme designs that capitalize on the opportunities provided by GS are described.
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