Analysis and Safety Assessment of Antioxidants Migrated from Polyethylene and Polypropylene Food Packaging Materials into Food Simulants
2017
Choi, H., National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Choi, J.C., National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Bae, I.A., National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Park, S.J., National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea | Kim, M.K., National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
Antioxidants are used in the manufacturing of commercial food packages made of polyolefin plastic such as polyethylene and polypropylene for the purpose to delay the oxidation reaction of the polymer due to oxygen or traces of ozone in the atmosphere. Additives in plastics may be migrated from the packaging materials into foods, thereby presenting a potential health risk to the consumer. Therefore, it is necessary to determine migration level of antioxidants from food packaging materials to foodstuffs in order to take proactive management. In this study, we have developed a method for the analysis of 10 antioxidants, which are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), Cyanox 2246, 425 and 1790, Irgafos 168, and Irganox 1010, 1330, 3114 and 1076, migrated from the food packaging materials into four food simulants for aqueous, acidic, alcoholic and fatty foods. The antioxidants were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatograph-ultraviolet detector with 276 nm after solid-phase extraction with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) cartridge or dilution with isopropanol. The analytical method showed a good linearity of coefficient (R² greater than or equal to 0.99), limits of detection (0.11~0.41 mg/L), and limits of quantification (0.34~1.24 mg/L). The recoveries of antioxidants spiked to four food simulants ranged from 71.3% to 109.4%. The migrated antioxidants in this study were within the safety levels that resulted from the safety assessment by the estimated daily intake to the tolerable daily intake.
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