Evaluation of the Philippine corn germplasm collection for tolerance to calcareous soil stress
2017
Austria, R.E.G. | Descalsota, J.C. | Ocampo, A.M. | Pascual, P.R. | Salazar, A.M. | Ocampo, E.T.M.
Two hundred twenty one accessions from the Philippine native corn germplasm were screened for tolerance to calcareous soil stress under field conditions. Corn was grown replicated trials in 2016-2017 in 3 sites in the province of Cebu namely: Brgy. [Village] Adlawon, Cebu City (pH 7.2, 130 accessions), Sibonga (pH 7.3, 60 accessions), and Barili (pH 7.2, 221 accessions). Yield performance and other plant characteristics such as plant height, ear height, total ear weight, stand count, number of ears, ear length, ear diameter, kernel weight, shelling percentage, moisture content, and projected yield (calculated by plot area) were evaluated. Grain yield ranged from zero to 8.46 t/ha across all trials. Top performers were identified and recommended as potential parents in breeding for calcareous soil conditions. Greenhouse screening was also carried out on the same materials used in the Cebu trials. Seedlings were grown for 4 weeks in plastic trays filled with soil collected from Quezon province (pH 7.2). Root length, shoot length, and dry matter yield were determined. Correlation analysis were performed to determine relationships between and among field and greenhouse characteristics. It was found that among parameters, only shoot length and dry matter yield were significantly and positively correlated (P 0.0001, R square
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