Comparative analysis of peroxidase activity in liver, kidney and gills of Cyprinus carpio from River Jhelum

Antioxidant defensive system is present in every aerobic organism. Peroxidase enzyme is an important part of this system that protects an organism from oxidative stress. The objective of present study was to analyze the activity of peroxidase enzyme in liver, kidney and gills of wild captured and farm cultured Cyprinus carpio. For this purpose fish specimens were collected from the major fishing sites of River Jhelum and their live kidney and gills were extracted and stored at -20 degree C for further analyses. Hydrogen peroxide stress on liver, kidney and gills peroxidase was measured with the help of spectrophotometer. For physico-chemical analysis of water sampling sites, water samples were also taken. One way ANOVA way was used to measure the significant differences (P less than or equal to 0.05) between wild captured and farm cultured C. carpio liver, kidney and gills peroxidase activity. The activity of peroxidase enzyme in liver, kidney and gills of the pond fish was measured high 104 plus minus 2, 92 plus minus 1 and 125 plus minus 1 UmL-1 respectively as compared to riverine fish liver (70 plus minus 1 UmL-1), kidney (66 plus minus 1 UmL-1) and gills (70 plus minus 1 UmL-1). The results showed lower enzymatic activity in riverine fish as compared to pond fish. Various heavy metals i.e. Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr and Co was also measured in different body parts selected in this study. The concentration of Zn was higher in liver, kidney and gills of C. carpio as compared to other metals in pond and riverine fish. On the basis of present study, it is suggested that peroxidase enzyme activity in different parts of fish can be used in field of aquatic toxicology to predict the presence of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems which will be helpful to develop understanding regarding impacts of pollutants on our living environment and making preventive measure against contaminated pollutants.