Otkrivena gar (Ustilago avenae) sve češći problem u usevima zobi na Unsko-Sanskom kantonu u BiH / Smut of oats (Ustilago avenae) increasing problem in oats crops on the territory of Una-Sana Canton (B&H)
2016
Delalić, Zemira (Biotehnički fakultet, Bihać (Bosna i Hercegovina))
In 2015 and 2016, oats fields on the territory of Una-Sana Canton (northwestern Bosnia) were regularly inspected. In addition to the common diseases, occurrence of oats loose smut caused by Ustilago avenae (Persoon) Rostrup was registered in many localities. The fungus U. avenae was detected on a large number of collected oat samples which were analyzed in the laboratory by conventional phytopathological methods. In 2015, infection symptoms were found on 55% of the oats acreage, in 2016 on 43% of the acreage. The intensity of infection higher than 70% was registered on 12% of the infected acreage of oats in 2015, and on 11% in 2016. After harvest, infected oat grains were measured for absolute and hectoliter mass, which were found to range from 16 to 24 g and from 20 to 48 kg, respectively. For quality crop protection from this disease it is essential to plant certified seed originating from controlled seed crop, well processed and treated with fungicides with quality control made in laboratory. It is assumed that the loose smut of oats will be a growing problem in organic production of oats and the resistant varieties could be an important measure of protecting crops from the disease.
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