Polymorphism of prolamines of rice variety kernels, widely used in seed production and storage of proteins formula

Modern variation of cereals are complex varieties- populations, which are highly plastic and adaptive, but it is more difficult to store them in seed production process. Thus, it became necessary to develop new methods and approaches of seed production. Perspective trend in solving such problems is use of storage proteins of seeds. Such proteins in rice are alcohol soluble prolamines. The given work is concerned the investigation of prolamins alcohol soluble proteins of rice kernel by izoelectrofocusing method (IEF), widely used in seed production of varieties to isolate their biotypes and to store proteins formula of varieties. As materials of research were Russian rice varieties: Lider, Sprint, Spalchik, Kurchanka, Pavlovsky and Nafant; we carry out seed production work with them. Prolamines was isolated from individual kernels by direct extraction by methods, developed in All- Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry. Registration of components was carried out according to nomenclature, developed in Plant Industry institute by relationship to permanent components: 45, 55 (japonica subspecies) and 44, 54 (indica subspecies). Components of analized samples were registered as protein formula, including prolamine components of zone 2, as more informative. Results. Comparative study of IEF spectrums of prolamines during analysis of one kernel gave the possibility to find out intervarietal polymorphism. Thus, variety Kurchanka is represente by 2 biotypes, variety Nafant is represented by 3 biotypes, Spalchik and Pavlovsky is represented by 4 biotypes, Sprint and Lider- by 6 biotypes. On the bases of IEF analysis varieties Spalchik, Kurchanka and Sprint are related by us to «type A» and are characterized by presence spectrum of the fallowing components 61-74-81- 83-92-94-101 and varieties Nafant and Pavlovsky are related to «type B»- 62-75-82-84-93-95-98-102. We found mutual components 45,50 and 55 of variety Oryza L. for varieties of both types. In table 1 we present protein formulas of Russian rice varieties with all included components of zone. According to the results the used of these method allows to estimable the caltivars purity with high efficiency. (Résumé d'auteur)