Physiological response of Triticale to zinc application and biofertilizers under various water limitation treatments
2017
Arough, Y.K. | Sharifi, R.S.
In order to evaluate the effects of biofertilizers and zinc on some physiological traits of Triticale under limited water conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014 and 2015. Experiment factors included water limitation at three levels [normal irrigation (W sub 0) as control; moderate water limitation (W sub 1) - irrigation withheld at 50% of heading stage;severe water limitation (W2) � irrigation withheld at 50% of booting stage]; four biofertilizer levels: no biofertilizers (F sub 0) , application of mycorrhiza (F sub 1), application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (F sub 2), application of both PGPR and mycorrhiza (F sub 3); and four nano zinc oxide levels [(without nano zinc oxide (Zn sub 0) as control, application of 0.3(Zn sub 1), 0.6 (Zn sub 2) and 0.9 (Zn sub 3) g/L)]. Results showed that water limitation decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and yield of Triticale, while soluble sugars and proline content, and the activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) enzymes increased. However, inoculation of plants with biofertilizers and zinc application improved these traits under water limitation conditions and normal irrigation. Application of biofertilizer and nano zinc oxide as F sub 3 Zn sub 3 increased grain yield by 87.5 when compared with F sub 0 Zn sub 0 under severe water limitation. Based on the results, biofertilizers and nano zinc oxide application can be recommended for profitable Triticale production under water limitation conditions.
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