Dominantni korovi u usevu lubenice (Citrullus vulgaris L.) / The dominant weeds in watermelon crops (Citrullus vulgaris L.)
2016
Ljevnaić-Mašić, Branka (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Departman za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo) | Nikolić, Ljiljana (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Departman za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo) | Džigurski, Dejana (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Departman za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo) | Denić, Nenad (Poljoprivredni fakultet, Novi Sad (Srbija). Departman za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo)
The knowledge of basic biological and ecological characteristics of weed species is very important for a proper implementation of weed control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was floristic and taxonomic analysis, analysis of biological (categorization of weeds according to the type of habitat, flowering time, pollination, dispersal of fruits and seeds, root depth) and ecological characteristics (life forms, floral elements and ecological indices) of dominant weeds in watermelon crops. Floristic investigation of weeds in watermelon crops, grown according to the principles of conventional farming, was conducted during the vegetation period 2015-2016. around the village Platičevo. A special emphasis is given to the presence of invasive species in the Vojvodina Province and Europe, as well as the presence of allergenic weed species. A total of 14 weed species were found. The most common species were from the Poaceae (28.57%) and Asteraceae (21.43%) families. Weed-ruderal species (71.23%) are dominated in analyzed flora. The most of weeds beginning to bloom in June. The most of them are pollinated with wind and their fruits and seeds are usually dispersed by animals, man and/or wind. The majority of weeds have a relatively deep root system. The studied weed flora show the therophytic character with dominance of T4 therophytes (64.29%). In addition, the cosmopolitan plants significantly dominate (64.29%). Ecological analysis showed that the studied agroecosystem are moderately dry (F =2.36), with neutral pH value (R =3,00), eutrophic (N =4.00), with medium humus content (H =2.79), moderately aerated (D =3.43), unsalted (S-=71.43%), well-lit (L =3.79) and warm (T =4.21) where prevalent the moderate continental climate conditions (K =2.86). Six species are invasive for the Vojvodina Province and even thirteen for Europe, while seven species have allergenic properties. KEY
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