Influence of physical factors on viability of microorganisms for plant protection
2019
Sabirov, R., Kazan State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Valiev, A., Kazan State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Karimova, L., Vyatka State Univ., Kirov (Russian Federation) | Dmitriev, A., Kazan State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation) | Khaliullin, D., Kazan State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
The development of pathogen resistance and the relatively high cost of chemical fungicides dictate the necessity to develop alternative disease control strategies. These strategies include biological methods of plant protection. However, the effectiveness of biological plant protection depends on the biological agent’s activity, which strongly depends on external physical factors. The applicant of biological remedies for seed inlay is one of the environmentally safe ways to combat seed and soil infection. However, nowadays, the impact of mechanical means during seed inoculation on the survival of microorganisms remains poorly studied. A laboratory installation has been created that makes it possible to imitate the working process of applying microorganisms to plant seeds during inlay, changing the pressure in the distribution system, the types of sprayers and the temperature of the working composition of the biological product with its further study in order to determine the number of living microorganisms remaining in it after processing. According to the results of the experimental data, graphical dependences were constructed showing the impact of pressure in the sprayer system, the temperature of the biological product and the type of spraying device on the viability of microorganisms. For microorganisms of RECB-50B (based on Bacillus sp.), RECB-14B (based on Pseudomonas putida), RECB-74F (Trichoderma viride) strains, the optimal parameters of the above factors were established during mechanical application of a biological product to the treated seeds: temperature of the working compound is 20 to 25 ºС, the pressure in the biopreparation delivery system is 0.4 MPa, the optimal type of spray nozzle is experimental, adapted for working with biopreparations.
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