Conditional-pathogenic microflora of the caspian seal (Phoca caspica) and its habitat under the anthropogenic pressing

The sanitary-microbiological researches (2010–2014) have shown that the composition of the hydromicro-flora of the Northern Caspian Sea consist of the 47-th cultures. The number of the bacterium in the water of the Northern Caspian Sea in autumn period was lower than in summer period. In the specific diversity the representatives of the Vibrionaceae and Pseudomanadaceae were dominated. The presence in the water reservoir of a large diversity of the sanitary-indicative and conditional-pathogenic microorganisms indicated on the pollution of the anthropogenic origin. 84-th cultures were allocated from the internal organs of the Caspian seal. The level of the bacterial contamination of internal organs and tissues of the studied Caspian seals in most cases depended on their physiological state. The maximum diversity of microorganisms was marked in the bowels. The main mass of bacterium, contaminating internal organs and tissues of Caspian seals was related to the family. Enterobacteriaceae, the leading position was occupied by the representatives of the genera Citrobacter, Edwardsiella and Proteus, referring to the sanitary-indicative microorganisms capable independently to initiate infection, and weigh down the already existing inflammatory processes. The microorganisms isolated from the internal organs and tissues of marine mammals and their habitats were characterized by low sensitivity to antibiotics, and also showed proteolytic, hemolytic, lecithin and DNA-depended activity, indicating a high mutative variability of microorganisms and the ability to survive even under the most adverse influences. Diseases of bacterial origin in examined seals over the study period were not registered, and most part of the micro-flora was resident, however, with the deterioration of environmental conditions the associations of microbial organisms can provoke epizootics