Intensive culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei in commercial ponds with zero water exchange and addition of molasses and probiotics

English. A 16-week trial was carried out to evaluate an intensive culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei in commercial ponds with zero water exchange. Two management strategies were used: one with the addition of molasses (ML) and the second with commercial probiotic and molasses (PML), each with four replicates. Shrimp L. vannamei (2.09 ± 0.3 g) were stocked in 2.6 ha ponds without liners at a density of 98 shrimp m-2. The commercial probiotics used with molasses was a mixture of Bacillus spp. and Lactobacillus sp. After 16 weeks, no significant differences were found in mean dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, pH, total heterotrophic bacteria and zootechnical parameters (yield, FCR, survival and final weight) between the two management strategies. Total ammonia nitrogen concentration (53 to 69%) was the highest inorganic nitrogen compound. There were no significant differences between its concentrations in the two management strategies. The addition of molasses and probiotics are important management strategies for increased shrimp growth in an intensive system in ponds with zero water exchange, however, molasses is cheaper than the probiotics. Molasses inputs were based on a percentage of the daily feed allotments (by weight) and application rates of 30% of total daily feed in combination with commercial probiotics in intensive ponds without liners with zero water exchange was not sufficient to recycle all nitrogen waste with 10 HP ha-1.

Spanish; Castilian. Se realizó un estudio de 16 semanas para evaluar el sistema de cultivo de Litopenaeus vannamei en viveros comerciales sin recambio de agua con la adición de melaza y probiótico. Se utilizaron 2 estrategias de manejo: ML (melaza) y PML (probiótico comercial y melaza) con 4 repeticiones en cada caso. Camarones L. vannamei (2,09 ± 0,3 g) fueron sembrados en viveros (2,6 ha sin liner) a una densidad de 98 camarones m-2. La melaza y el probiótico comercial estuvo compuesto por Bacillus spp. y Lactobacillus sp. El oxígeno, temperatura, salinidad, pH, total de bacterias heterótrofas y parámetros zootécnicos (rendimiento, FCR, supervivencia y peso final) no mostraron diferencias significativas entre las estrategias de manejo. La concentración de nitrógeno amoniacal total (53-69%) fue el principal compuesto de nitrógeno inorgánico que se acumuló. La melaza y los probióticos son estrategias de manejo importantes para incrementar el crecimiento del camarón en sistema intensivo sin recambio, sin embargo, la melaza es más económica que los probióticos. La adición de melaza basada en un porcentaje de alimentación diaria (en peso) con tasas de aplicación de 30% del peso del alimento por día y probiótico comercial, en viveros intensivos, sin liners y sin recambio de agua, no fue suficiente para el reciclado de todos los residuos de nitrógeno con 10 HP ha-1..