Comparative research on realization of agrotechnical indices by seedling planting machines with bucket dispensers
2020
Mitrache, P., University of Craiova (Romania) | Saracin, I., University of Craiova (Romania) | Ciuperca, R., National Inst. of Research-Development for Machines and Installations Designed to Agriculture and Food Industry, Bucharest (Romania)
In the paper there are some comparative researches on planting machines with nutrient bale, equipped with rotary bucket dispensers, which are the most used models due to the fact that they are the most efficient and the most spread at the present time for planting seedlings. We will limit ourselves to the analysis of the representative types, from a constructive and functional point of view, namely, the machines equipped with articulated bucket dispensers, their vertical rotation, respectively those with fixed bucket dispensers, with rotation in horizontal plane. Some achievements are being made worldwide in the field of planting machinery, especially those equipped with rotary disc and bucket dispensers. In addition to their constructive and functional description, there is an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each type achieved, seen from the perspective of complying with the seedling planting technology, on the one hand, and functionality, maintenance and economic aspects, on the other hand. Recommendations of agro-technical and technological requirements are presented for planting seedlings, such as: rows planted to be straight, deviations from the permitted row axis are max. 5 % within ± 20 mm; the planting depth can be achieved within 30−150 mm; the position of the planting seedlings is as close as possible to the vertical; the percentage of seedlings improperly planted (inclined more than 300 to the vertical, ground covered, left on the ground or damaged) is less than 5 %. The tested equipments are presented, their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, the conditions under which the experiments were carried out will also be presented, as well as the equipment used to perform the experiments. The results obtained constitute the basis for comparative analysis and summaries, the constructive types analysed are identified, specifying for each of how they meet, or not, the agri-technical requirements imposed on the work of planting seedlings, depending on the advantages and disadvantages presented for each type are analysed. Based on the analysis carried out, conclusions on the results are obtained and recommendations on optimal solutions are presented.
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