Trend of ammonia emissions from livestock sector in Latvia
2020
Frolova, O., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia) | Priekulis, J., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia) | Berzina, L., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia) | Aboltins, A., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia)
The article analyses the sources of ammonia (NH3) emissions in Latvia and the trends from 2005 to 2018 with the focus on agricultural production. The study is based on the annual Latvia’s Informative Inventory Report 1990 –2018 submitted under the Convention on Long - Range Transboundary Air Pollution Annex I data. It is crucial to decrease NH3 emissions due to their toxic nature to the ecosystems and health of living beings as NH3 not only contributes to acidification of water ecosystems, but also to formation of secondary particles. There is a trend of increase of NH3 emissions from agriculture production in the study period (+12% comparing 2018 to 2005) opposed to the need to reach the national goal to decrease NH3 emissions to the reference accounted in 2005 (1% NH3 reduction). There is decrease of NH3 emissions for about 5% from agriculture comparing 2018 and 2017 due to rapid decrease of farming animals. The largest increase of NH3 emissions in the latest years in Latvia is observed from the use of inorganic fertilizers (+57%), because there is increase of the incorporated nitrogen (N) to soils. The lowest use of inorganic fertilizers was in 1995 (11.5 kt N) in the inventory period 1990–2018. There is decrease of emissions from the whole manure management cycle about 6% comparing 2018 to 2005. However, manure management is still the biggest source of NH3 emissions (73% from agricultural NH3 emissions), therefore, with the highest potential to decrease national NH3 emissions as there are plenty of options to limit NH3 from manure in all stages of livestock breeding and manure management (feeding, livestock housing, manure storage and application to soils). To reach the goal of NH3 emissions reduction these all measures need to be accountable by developing a national model for estimation of annual NH3 emissions, which should be based on detailed statistical data about manure management practices.
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