Discriminating factors for Ficus deltoidea jack varieties by HPTLC coupled with chemometrics
2017
Nashriyah Mat | Khamsah Suryati Mohd | Zhari Ismail | Azierah Azemin | Hafizan Juahir
Ficus deltoidea Jack (FD) is a highly potential herb. However, there is serious confusion on selecting the right plant as FD occurs in several varieties. In this study, a high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed to determine the discriminating factors of FD varieties. Eight varieties of methanol extract, five varieties of water extract and marker compounds, vitexin and isovitexin were analyzed. Chemometric analysis; principal component (PCA), hierarchical cluster (HCA) and discriminant (DA) on HPTLC Rf value were performed. For methanol extracts, total variance of PCA score was 66.78% and clustered apart from each other. Total variance of water extract was 82.25%, which grouped into three clusters. HCA analysis produced three clusters for both types of extracts. Discriminant analysis revealed that methanol and water extracts were 100% discriminated. This finding suggests that the discriminant factors between methanol extracts were unidentified compounds at Rf value of 0.51, 0.72 and isovitexin. Meanwhile, isovitexin and vitexin were identified as discriminant factors for water extract.
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