Effective size estimation of autochthonous cattle breeds
2017
Bunevski, Gjoko | Trifunović, Snežana | Štrbac, Ljuba | Janković, Dobrila | Janzekovic, Marjan | Merdegus, Andrej | Gantner, Vesna | Plavšić, Miroslav | Nikitović, Jelena | Klincarov, Aleksandar | Perić, Lidija
Busha cattle are an autochthonous breed in many Balkan countries. It belongs toa group of primitive shorthorn cattle (Bos Brachyceros Europaeus). In the R. of Macedoniathis breed has officially been classified as triple purpose breed (for meat, milk and work)but considering its low productive capabilities it is more similar to some primitive workingbreeds. This breed of cattle used to be dominant and most important breed in almost allBalkan countries until 50s and 60s of the XX century but today in lowland areas withintensive farming they are already replaced with more productive and specialized cattlebreeds. Today these cattle are no longer used for work but because of absence ofsystematic cattle improvement program these animals have retained their poor milk andmeat production capability. This breed is well adapted to the very harsh feeding andhousing conditions that exist in the rural areas of mountain areas and is resistant todiseases. It is still the most significant milk and meat resource for these areas where themore productive cattle breeds cannot thrive successfully. After thorough phenotypiccharacterization of cattle classified as “Busha type” using FAO guidelines for phenotypiccharacterization and literature data merits for this breed, total number of 606 pure breedBusha cattle were recorded in the R. of Macedonia in the herd book for this breed in year2018. The aim of the research was to estimate the effective size (Ne) of cattle breed Bushain 2018. The value of Ne in the controlled population of Busha cattle in 2018 was 180,15,comparing to 2015 when was 239,80, or in 2013 when was 154,53, and in 2014 when was117,50. Obtained data for Ne for population of Busha cattle in the R. of Macedoniaaccording to the international and FAO criteria, lead to the statement that this populationcould be characterized as a population IN RISK.
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