INFLUENCE OF THE SEEDING RATE AND MINERAL NUTRITION ON THE INDICATORS OF THE YIELD STRUCTURE OF SPRING TRITICALE

At the present stage obtaining high and stable grain yields is the most important development course of the agro-industrialcomplex. As one of the most productive grain crops, spring triticale plays an important role in achieving this objective. Anaffordable and effective method that allows successful management of the productivity of crops is the regulation of its seedingrate. With the help of this method, the optimal area of plant nutrition is formed, seed consumption during sowing is reduced, andthe quality and size of the grain yield produced by the triticale agrophytocenosis is regulated. The article presents the results thatdemonstrate the dependence of the formation of the structural elements of the spring triticale crop on the application of differentseeding rates against two backgrounds of mineral nutrition and their influence on grain productivity in the Mari El Republicusing the "Dobroye" variety of crop. The results of the conducted studies show that the seeding rates have a significant impacton the grain yield of spring triticale. With an increase in the seeding rate, field germination decreases. In the case of a seedingrate of 4 million units /ha and with a seedling density of 356 units, the field germination rate amounts to 90.9%, while in the caseof a seeding rate of 6 million units/ha with a seedling density of 483 units – 78.1%. At high seeding rates (6 million germinatingseeds per hectare), there is a significant decrease in all the studied indicators of crop structure elements compared to the controlversion of 4 million germinating seeds per hectare. Different seeding rates of spring triticale seeds also affect the level of grainyield. The highest grain yield of spring triticale is formed at the seeding rate of 4 million germinating seeds per hectare againstthe background of pre-sowing application of mineral nutrition at a dose of N60P30K30.