Rape honey: determination of botanical origin based on volatile compound profiles
2019
Kružík, Vojtěch | Grégrová, Adéla | Ziková, Aneta | Čížková, Helena
Generally, it is very difficult to determine which volatile compounds significantly contribute to the typical rape honey aroma. The aim of this research was to characterize, for the first time, the main volatile compounds present in Czech rape honeys using solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study also explored possibilities to reliably identify and distinguish between rape and multifloral honeys on the basis of the profile of volatile compounds. A total of 28 unifloral rape honeys (Brassica napus) from local Czech beekeepers produced in 2014–2016 were analysed. Obtained data were statistically processed using principal component analysis, linear discriminant analysis and analysis of variance. Based on the results, the following compounds were the most abundant in each of the analysed Czech rape honeys (relative representation in percent): hotrienol (7.2–39.3 %), benzaldehyde (0.7–19.0 %), 3-methylbutanenitrile (0.1–15.7 %), 2-phenylethanol (1.0–10.2 %) and nonanoic acid (0.4–7.0 %). Moreover, 3-methylbutanenitrile and nonanoic acid were identified as the characteristic compounds for rape honeys. Nonetheless, the presence of 5–25 % of other botanical species in the honeys had a significant impact on the occurrence and representation of the individual volatile compounds.
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