Constrained Gazelles

Grimm, Michael; Knorringa, Peter; Lay, Jann

Constrained Gazelles

2012

Grimm, Michael | Knorringa, Peter | Lay, Jann

The informal sector is typically characterized as being very heterogeneous and possibly composed of two clearly distinct segments, sometimes called the lower and upper tier. However, empirical evidence shows that even among lower tier entrepreneur's profitability can be quite high. The authors combine these findings and develop an innovative approach to identify what is called constrained gazelles, next to the well-known survivalists in the lower tier and growth-oriented top-performers in the upper tier. The sample of informal entrepreneurs in seven West-African countries allows linking the relative size of these three groups to the structural and macroeconomic environment in these countries.

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AGROVOC Keywords

accounting agricultural economics agriculture calculation capacity building cd discrimination economic activities economic development economic growth economic sectors elasticity entrepreneur entrepreneurship expenditure family labour firms fixed costs formal education gender household expenditure households insurance inventories joint venture labour market marketing microenterprises product markets production functions productivity profitability questionnaire sales savings secondary education social networks structural change value added

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Other Subjects

Credit programs; Small enterprise; Demographic characteristics; Endowments; Business environment; Business location; Exclusion; Household expenses; Labour market policies; Replacement costs; Investing; Labour markets; Wage discrimination; Entrepreneurial activity; Entrepreneurial capacities; Self-employment; Entrepreneurial success; Small entrepreneurs; Economic factors; Access to credit; Growth potential; Labor productivity; Capital accumulation; Empirical basis; Market conditions; Financial products; Income level; Empirical evidence; Company; Lack of access; Financial services; Gender difference; Probability; Intermediate inputs; Entrepreneurial behaviour; Inequality; Earnings; Wage; Receipts; Business association; Risk aversion; Business development; Labor force survey; Regular income; Informal economy; Policy makers; Checks; Source of income; Business activity; Education levels; Business opportunities; Empirical analysis; Young people; Input use; Small firm; Political economy; Income source; Gender gaps; Labor force; Gdp; Micro-credit; Job creation; Production elasticities; Labor market; Barriers to entry; Risk averse; Business organization; Female business; Gender issues; Wage differentials; Ethnic group; Access to finance; Access to capital; Credit market; Job opportunity; Family members; Capital stock; Shop; Women entrepreneurs; Market constraints; Financial literacy; Price differences; Wealth; Financial support; Female entrepreneurs; Business climate; Knowledge of credit; Enterprise development; Physical capital; Contribution

Language

English

In AGRIS since: 2021-06-15

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http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26877

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Constrained Gazelles

2012

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