Räni ja reavahe mõju rapsi saagikusele ja kvaliteedile | Effects of row spacing and silica on seed yield and quality of spring canola (Brassica Napus L.)

Keskkonnasäästliku põllumajanduse eesmärgiks on kasutada vähem sisendeid, mille tõttutuleb otsida võimalusi, kuidas säilitada sama saagitase optimeerides sisendite osakaalu.Üheks võimaluseks on leida optimaalne reavahe rapsi kasvatuse jaoks. Teine võimalus onkasutada räni, millel on leitud positiivset mõju ka kliimamuutustest tingitud taimestressileevendamisel.Bakalaureusetöö eesmärk oli uurida, kuidas mõjutab reavahede laiuse muutmine suvirapsiseemnesaagikust ning -kvaliteeti ning millist mõju omab räni suvirapsi seemnesaagikuseleja -kvaliteedile. Uurimustöö põhineb põldkatsel.Suvirapsi sort Majong külvati kolme erineva reavahega (12,5; 25; 37,5 cm) kolmeskorduses. Räniga töötlemiseks kasutati lehepreparaati Optysil. Katselapid koristatiteraviljakombainiga, hiljem saadeti kordustelt kogutud seemneproovid Scanola laborisse,kus analüüsiti seemnete kvaliteedi parameetreid.Seemnesaagikuse ja reavahede vahel oli tugev negatiivne seos (r= -0,9984). See tähendab,et reavahede laienedes suvirapsi saagikus langeb. Kõrgeim saak saadi 12,5 cm reavahesning madalaim 37,5 cm reavahes. Räniga töötlemine tõstis saagikust laiemas reavahes,kuid tulemused ei olnud statistiliselt usutavad võrdluses kontrolliga. Reavahe mõju õlisisaldusele oli märgata ainult 37,5 cm reavahes. Räniga töötlemine mõjus õlisisalduselepositiivselt. Töö tulemused annavad hea indikatsiooni, et reavahe ja lehekaudse räniga onvõimalik saaki mõjutada, kuid edasised katsed on vajalikud tulemuste kinnitamiseks.

French. BakalaureusetööPõllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekaval

English. Environmentally friendly farming needs to manage with less inputs, which means thatsolutions have to be sought to maintain the same yields with fewer inputs. One optionwould be to find the optimal spacing for oilseed rape cultivation. Another option is to usefoliar silicon treatment that has been shown to have positive effect on the plants understress caused by environment or climate.The aim of this thesis was to investigate the effects of varying row spacing and the impactof silicon treatment on spring oilseed rape seed yield and quality.The field experiment was conducted with spring oilseed rape variety Majong sown in threereplicates with three different row spacings (12.5; 25; 37.5 cm). Fertilisation and plantprotection were the same for all replications, but the sowing rate was reduced withincreasing row spacing (100; 90; 80 germinating grains per square metre, respectively).Optysil was used for silicon treatment. The test plots were harvested with a combineharvester and the seed samples collected from the replicates were later sent to Scanolalaboratory for chemical analysis.There was a strong negative correlation between seed yield and row spacing (r= -0.9984).This means that as the row spacing increases, the yield in spring rape decreases. Thehighest yield was obtained at 12.5 cm row spacing and the lowest yield was obtained at37.5 cm row spacing. Silicon treatment increased yields at wider row spacings, but theresults were not statistically significant when compared with the control. The effect on oil content was only noticeable in the 37.5 cm row spacing. The oil content of the seedsobtained at 12.5 cm and 25 cm row spacing was 41.6%, but at 37.5 cm row spacing it was39.2%. Silicon spraying had a positive effect on oil content. The results give a goodindication that row space optimization and silicon have effect on oilseed rape cultivation,but further experiments are needed to prove this.