Incidence of wheat common bunt depending on variety, and the efficacy of wheat seed treatment with biological plant protection products
2022
SalkovskaŠalkovska, Ligita, Ligita | StrazdinaStrazdiņa, Vija, Vija | FetereFetere, Valentīna, Valentina
Common bunt caused by Tilletia caries is one of the most devastating diseases of winter wheat. It is particularly destructive under organic farming system, as the use of chemically synthesized fungicides is not permitted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of wheat common bunt depending on the variety and to find out the efficacy of wheat seed treatment by biological plant protection products. The research was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at the Stende Research Centre (SRC) of Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics (AREI). The incidence of common bunt on three winter wheat varieties (‘Brencis’, ‘Edvins’ and ‘Skagen’) was determined by using artificial infection. Artificial infection was done by mixing kernels with the 10 g kgE−1 spores of Tilletia caries. The seeds after inoculation were treated with biological plant protection products – milk powder (150 g kgE−1), mustard powder (10 g kgE−1) and vinegar (20 mL kgE−1). The incidence of common bunt was significantly dependent on the wheat variety and the year. The incidence of common bunt varied from 4% to 66% in 2019 and from 2% to 42% in 2020. The lowest incidence of common bunt was for the variety 'Brencis', and the highest incidence was for the variety 'Edvins'. The efficacy of the biological plant protection products – milk powder, mustard powder and vinegar in control of common bunt was high. Seed treatment with milk powder reduced incidence of common bunt by 89%, vinegar reduced incidence by 93%, and mustard powder reduced incidence by 88%, on average during the two years of the trial. No statistically significant differences were found between the tested seed treatments products.
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