State measures for the development of the fisheries complex of the Russian Federation. Clustering policy. Development potential of fishing clusters in the Azov-Black Sea basin of the Crimean Peninsula

The issues of state regulation and clustering policy in the Russian fisheries complex are considered, organizational shortcomings, obstacles to the full use of the biological potential of fisheries, difficulties in financing the business of cluster participants are revealed, and the need for an adaptation period for the formation of intra-cluster relations is justified. The need for leveraged sources of financing requires the development of financial models with affordable loans under the current investment lending mechanism. A special credit product will provide a transparent system of relations between state structures, participants of the fishing cluster and credit institutions. The proposed scheme of lending to clusters with real estate collateral and collateral for manufactured products is aimed at stable relations with credit institutions. This will lead to the formation of a collective share capital and the creation of management structures responsible for operational management and interaction with investors and financial institutions. The Azov-Black Sea basin of the Crimean Peninsula has the potential to restore biological resources, develop aquaculture, and produce feed for aquaculture. Clusters for targeted programs of artificial breeding in the marine area of rainbow trout, so-iuy mullet, oysters, mussels and other valuable biological resources successfully implement the projects «Valuable seafood», «Food pelagic». The renewal of the fishing fleet will increase the volume of fish production by 2.5–3 times and expand the raw material base of processing enterprises. The development of various forms and channels of sales of fish products with high added value will increase the profitability of the business and meet consumer demand in the domestic market