Changes in the species composition of Russian catches in the Black and Azov Seas in the 21st century
2021
Balykin, P.A.
The analysis of the possible impact of global climate change on the results of Russian fishing in the Black and Azov Seas in the 21st century, concurrent with a decrease in commercial catches, has been carried out. At present, the contribution of the Azov and Black Sea Fishery Basin to the annual total catch of Russian fishers ranges within 1,4–2,2%, which is about an order of magnitude lower than in the first half of the last century. One of the likely causes of this phenomenon may be climate change. The transformation of climatic conditions in the Azov and Black Sea Region manifests itself in an increase in the temperature of sea water in the summer and an increase in the salinity of the Azov Sea. The impact of this factor on the marine ichthyofauna of the southern regions of Russia is demonstrated by the example of the species composition of commercial and research catches. It is shown that in the current century, the proportion of thermophilic fish, which spawning season occurs in summer — European anchovy, red mullet, horse mackerel — has increased in the Black Sea. In the Azov Sea, the share of marine fish species — mullets, red mullet, horse mackerel, and the Pontic shad — has increased in the catches. It has been concluded that a thorough investigation of this issue is necessary for long-term forecasting of the state of the raw material base of the fishing industry in the Azov and Black Sea Basin of Russia
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