Economic Study of Production and Marketing of Anise and Black seed crops in Hama Governorate

The research dealt with an economic study for the production and marketing of anise and black seed crops in Hama governorate for the 2018 agricultural season, with the aim of identifying the production and marketing costs of the two crops, yields, profitability, the amount of economic and marketing efficiency, marketing margin and the commodity balance, in addition to shedding light on the most important production and marketing problems and presenting possible proposals to solve these problems To raise the level of cultivation of these two crops and develop them for the better.The research was conducted in the two administrative regions of Hama and Mahrda, belong to the governorate of Hama. The sample was selected from the villages of the two regions according to Morgan’s law, and the sample size was 258 farmers.The results of the research showed that the total cost of anise crop reached 42231.56 SP / dunum, and the net farm income reached 48862.19 SP / dunum, and the cost of 1 kg amounted to 318.73 SP, and the average level of profitability reached 182%, the general rate of profit reached 115.7%, and efficiency reached Economic 2.16 With regard to the black seed crop, the total cost of the black seed crop reached 40,373.84 SP / dunum, and the net farm income was 39,556.4 SP / dunum, and the cost of 1 kg was 273.17 SP, and the average level of profitability was 148.24%, and the overall rate of profitability reached 97.98%, and the economic efficiency was 1.98.The optimum production level of anise crop was 2.77 tons / farm, and the volume of profit maximization was 4.76 tons / farm, while the actual average production of anise crop was 2.19 tons / farm. As for the black seed crop, the optimum production level reached 0.895 tons / farm, and the volume of the most profitable production was 1.3 tons / farm, while the actual average production was 0.875 tons / farm.As for the marketing aspect, the total marketing costs per kilogram of anise crop reached 178.4 SP and the black seed was 168.5 SP. As for the absolute and relative marketing margins of the two crops of anise and black seed, the absolute marketing margin of anise was observed, which amounted to 512.5 SP / kg, with a rate of increase. 74.5% on the absolute margin of the85black seed, which amounted to about 259.2 SP / kg, with an increase rate of 47.9%, and the marketing efficiency of the anise crop reached about 58.7% and the black seed 57.3%. The research also found that the percentage of producers' return from the selling price to the consumer reached 64.11% And 61.85% for anise and black seed, respectively.The study concluded on the importance of cultivating the two crops of anise and black seed, as they are important export crops, which means commitment to all services provided to the two crops in order to achieve high production and better quality.The study also recommended the need to support the cultivation of these crops by securing all production requirements, organizing marketing operations for them, and raising the level of their services, in order to ensure their entry into the global competition market.