The parasite-host relationship between Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). 29. Suitability of two cultivars of sweet pepper, Capsicum annuum L., for two different strains of whiteflies
1989
Lenteren, J.C. van (Agricultural Univ., Wageningen (Netherlands). Dept. of Entomology) | Vianen, A. van | Hatala-Zseller, I. | Budai, C.
The greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) is a pest insect on sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Hungary, but not in the Netherlands. To examine the underlying mechanism for this difference, whitefly strains from both countries were tested on commonly used Hungarian and Dutch sweet-pepper cultivars. The developmental rate from egg to adult, the survival rate of adults and the oviposition rate were measured. For all three parameters the Hungarian sweet-pepper cultivar turned out to be a better host plant for whiteflies than the Dutch cultivar. Also the whitefly strains differed in performance on the two cultivars. The Hungarian whiteflies showed a higher survival from egg to adult and laid more eggs per female on the Hungarian sweet-pepper cultivar than did the Dutch whiteflies. Both factors - a better adaptation of Hungarian whitefly to sweet-pepper and a better host-plant quality of Hungarian sweet pepper - contribute to explain the observation that whitefly can develop to pest status in Hungary. The results lead to several conclusions: a. sweet-pepper cultivars show different degrees of resistance to whitefly, increase in resistance of Hungarian cultivars through breeding seems promising, b. whiteflies show different degrees of adaptation to a (relatively poor) host plant, sweet pepper
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