Prognosis of the persistence of herbicides and their effects on succeeding crops with the computer-aided expert system HERBASYS
1990
Gottesbueren, B. (Biologische Bundesanstalt fuer Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Braunschweig (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Unkrautforschung) | Pestemer, W. | Wang, K. | Wischnewsky, M.-B. | Zhao, J.
Structure and procedures of a computer-aided expert system HERBASYS (herbicide advisory system) are described. With the combination of prognosis models, the degradation of several herbicides in soil is simulated and the potential effects of their residues in soil to succeeding crops can be predicted, considering site-specific soil and weather data. Recommendations for herbicide use are given by the system according to registered applications, specific activity against weeds, restrictions and data describing persistence of phytotoxic activity. Considering user-specific informations about site, date and dosage of applied herbicide and following crop, the expert system selects appropriate degradation parameters for the related herbicide from the knowledge-base, quantifying the dependancy of the herbicide degradation on soil-temperature and moisture content. The amounts of total residues are simulated and their potential availability to plants is calculated by using the distribution coefficients (K(d)-values). These date are used to predict potential effects on succeeding crops by comparing the residues available to plants with the dose-response-relationship of the specific herbicide and crop in question. Using chlortoluron and isoproturon as an example, input and output-options of the expert system are demonstrated. In addition to the predictions of crop safety, the safe recropping dates, less sensitive crops, reduced amount of the applied herbicide that allow recropping at the fixed date and appropriate alternative herbicides can be recommended. The procedures and uncertainties of the prognosis are explained to the user by the expert system
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