Impact of schooling and extension services upon production and income of upland rice farmers
1990
Prades, J.P.O.
Considering the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of upland rice farmers, such as age of the farmers, household size, farming experience and tenurial status, these are all significantly related to increase their production and income. The basic elements of production, such as land, labor and capital, were not enough factors to increase farmers' production and total income. There are various factors to be considered aside from the basic elements of production. The variables and resources that contributed to production function were age, household size, farming experience, tenurial status and being a full-time farmer. Not all variables and resources of the farmers were significantly related to increase total income. Only the land area, capital, age of the farmers, household size and becoming full-time farmers were significantly related to have an increase of income among the respondents. Schooling can be enriched by extension-efforts. Extension services should be provided to unschooled farm operators to increase income and production. Schooling should be balance with good extension program since both schooling and extension complemented each other in increasing production and income. The short-term investment in extension may well serve to facilitate agricultural modernization, but a long term investment in schooling may have returns for the next generation of farmers.
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