Tree phenology of lowland dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan [Indonesia]
1991
Okimori, Y. | Permono, R. (Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia))
A research site was established at Mulawarman University Forest Station in Bukit Soeharto protection forest area, E. Kalimantan. Phenological observations were done on the following aspects: flowering, fruiting, leaf exchange, and pioneer tree species. All observations were done biweekly or monthly. The result were as follows 1) Phenology of the tall dipterocarp tree species. The number of flowering species was 14 in 1986/87 and 14 also in 1987/88, and Dipterocarp cornutus and Shorea smithiana had the highest number. The number of flowering tree species in 1988/89 was only 4. In 1987/88, many trees of Dryobalanops and Dipterocarpus seemed to open their flowers from late September to October, followed by the flowering of Shorea in November. Each species or a group of some species had a tendency to blossom simultaneously; 2) Phenology of canopy layer tree species. The observed trees were 52. Among the rainforest tree species, some species showed a complete defoliation such as Koompassia, Sindora, and Durio. Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) which is a very common species in this area seemed to flush leaves concurrently, and at the end of leaf development Ulin showed a tendency to bloom 3) Phenology of the pioneer species. Jabon and Macaranga showed a clearly different way of leaf exchange and flowering. Jabon trees showed more or less a drastic change from defoliation to leaf-flush, and it came into flower soon after the leaves developed. Tree Macaranga species showed no outstanding phenomenon in exchange of new leaves for old ones, and some branches of trees were in bud at the terminal at any time.
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