[Chemical induction of male sterility in maize (Zea mays L.)]
1993
Flores S, Marcelo Eduardo | Gacitua N, Hugo Antonio
Four chemical hybridizing agents (CHA) were evaluated on 13 maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes, both inbreds and hybrids, at the Experimental Station of the Catholic University of Chile, located at Pirque, Metropolitan Region. The four CHAs were designated as A, B, C and D. CHAs A and D were sprayed at the rate of 1.5 kg x ha-1; CHAs B and C at the rate of 2.0 kg x ha-1, with and adjuvant at 0.45% concentration of the total volume. Water was uniformly used at the rate of 300 L x ha-1. Plants were sprayed when the tassels had a length range between 2.5 and 5.3 cm. The spray formulation was applied with three nozzles, one overhead and two laterals. Four observations were made, male sterility estimated during flowering, phytotoxicity also during flowering, number of ears per plant and grain yield. Genotype response was associated to the individual CHAs. In general, 95% or better male sterility was accompanied by higher phytotoxic damage and yield reduction. CHA A was the least effective, followed by CHAs B and C; CHA D induced the highest male sterility level, but also the highest phytotoxicity. Inbreds were more susceptible than the hybrids. If the objective is to obtain a minimum genetic purity of 95%, with a maximum yield loss of 15%, six of the 13 genotypes studied may be used with one or more of the four CHAs evaluated, In a breeding program where a 40% yield reduction can be accepted, 10 of 13 genotypes can be used with one or more of these CHAs
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