[Leaf thermal relations of four crops during winter frosts in Montecillo, Mex]
1993
Carrillo Salazar, Jose Alfredo | Livera Munoz, Manuel | Ortiz Cereceres, Joaquin | Mendoza Onofre, Leopoldo E. (Colegio de Postgraduados. Montecillo, Texcoco, Mex. 56230)
English. An investigation was carried out during the 1988-1989 winter in the Agriculture Experimental Station of the Colegio de Postgraduados at Montecillo, Texcoco, Mex., to study the relationship between leaf and air temperature changes during frosts, using seedlings of maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), long bean (Vicia faba L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The experiment was planted on January 18th. Readings of leaf and air temperatures were hourly taken during two nights, with an infrared thermometer, 36 and 51 days after planting (DAP), from 20:00 h to 7:00 h of the following day. Leaf temperatures were always from 0.5 to 2.0 centigrades degree lower than air temperatures. Temperatures of the narrow leaves of wheat and corn were 1 to 2 centigrades degree higher than temperatures of broad leaves of Vicia and Helianthus, showing a close association between leaf temperature and leaf dimension. At 36 DAP, minimum leaf temperatures ranged from -4.8 to -5.9 centigrades degree and at 51 DAP from -3.8 to -5.5 centigrades degree. In these two nights, the leaves remained for 5 to 7 hours with a temperature equal to or lower than 0 centigrades. Corn did not survive the first frost. Wheat had the highest relative growth rate due to its high net asimilation rate
Show more [+] Less [-]Spanish; Castilian. En el invierno de 88-89 se condujo una investigacion en el Campo Experimental del Colegio de Postgraduados en Montecillo, Texcoco, Mex., con el objeto de estudiar la relacion entre el enfriamiento del aire y el de las hojas durante la ocurrencia de heladas invernales en plantulas de maiz (Zea mays L.), trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), haba (Vicia faba L.) y girasol (Helianthus annuus L.). La siembra se efectuo el 18 de enero. Las lecturas de temperatura de la hoja y del aire se tomaron cada hora con un teletermometro infrarrojo durante dos noches, a los 36 y 51 dias despues de siembra (DDS), desde las 20 h hasta las 7 h del dia siguiente. La temperatura de las hojas (TH) fue 1 a 2 grados centigrados superior a la TH de especies de hoja ancha, lo que muestra la alta asociacion entre la temperatura foliar y las dimensiones de las hojas. La TH minima que alcanzaron las especies a los 36 DDS vario entre -4.8 a -5.9 grados centigrados y a los 51 DDS vario entre -3.8 a -5.5 grados cientigrados. En las heladas que se presentaron a los 36 y 51 DDS, las hojas permanecieron con una temperatura igual o inferior a los 0 grados centigrados de 5 a 7 h. El maiz murio despues de la primera medicion a los 36 DDS. El trigo tuvo una tasa relativa de crecimiento mas alta que maiz, girasol y haba debido a una mayor tasa de asimilacion neta.
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