Analysis of protoplast-derived plants of Saintpaulia ionantha H. Wendl.
1995
Winkelmann, T. | Grunewaldt, J. (Institut fuer Zierpflanzenzuechtung, Ahrensburg (Germany))
Of 3272 plants regenerated from protoplasts of 10 Saintpaulia ionantha genotypes, 98.4% survived transfer to the greenhouse. The frequency of regenerants with chlorophyll deficiencies, i.e. variegated leaves or albinos, was low (1.5%). There was a higher number of polyploid, in most cases tetraploid plants, regenerated from protoplasts (16%) which were identified by their altered morphology. Measurements of stomatal length and counting the number of chloroplasts per guard cell also allowed a clear differentiation between diploid and polyploid plants. The classification was confirmed by DNA content determination using flow cytometry. Mechanisms leading to polyploidization included spontaneous protoplast fusion as well as chromosome doubling during callus growth and shoot regeneration. Two genotypes with instabilities in flower colour showed completely altered flower colours in plants regenerated from protoplasts as well as in plants regenerated on leaf explants in vitro.
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