Shallot and hot pepper sequential cropping system identification to support Integrated Pest Management implementation in Brebes (Indonesia)

English. The aim of study was to obtain farmers characterization and to examine their knowledge level on shallot and hot pepper sequential cropping system as well as to identify its potential and constraint with regard to the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) implementation. A formal survey was conducted in Brebes, Central Java, from August to December 1997. Research location was selected purposively and primary data were collection from 30 respondents which were chosen by employing simple random sampling method. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and content analysis. The results show that sequential cropping system of shallot (with hot pepper) is more profitable than monocropping system. This survey also indicates that farmer tend to use fertilizer and pesticide excessively. Particularly in controlling pests and diseases, farmers depend heavily on chemical method, high concentration and mixing several (2-5) types of pesticides are common practice for shallot farmers in Brebes. In consequence, there are some pests and diseases which show resistance to chemical treatments. The existing main pest and diseases for shallot are Spodoptera sp., Fusarium sp. and Alternaria porii, while for hot pepper are Fusarium sp./P. solanacearum, Colletotrichum sp. and Thrips parvispinus. Farmers also indicate that there are still lack of support from village cooperative unit and extention service. Furthermore, the results of this study can be used as guidance in conducting researchs for developing IPM technology on shallot and hot pepper sequential cropping system

Indonesian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi dan mengkaji tingkat pengetahuan petani pada usahatani tumpanggilir bawang merah dan cabai merah serta potensi dan kendala yang ada dalam kaitannya menunjang kegiatan pengembangan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT). Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey formal di Brebes, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Agustus-Desember 1997. Pemilihan lokasi kegiatan dilakukan secara sengaja dan data primer dikumpulkan dari 30 responden yang dipilih secara acak sederhana. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif (tabulasi) dan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani tumpanggilir bawang merah dan cabai merah lebih menguntungkan dibanding dengan monokultur. Dalam melakukan usahatani, petani cenderung menggunakan pupuk dan pestisida secara berlebihan. Upaya pengendalian serangan hama dan penyakit lebih dititikberatkan pada pengendalian secara kimiawi dengan konsentrasi yang tinggi. Sebagai akibatnya banyak hama dan penyakit yang sudah mulai kebal terhadap pestisida. Dalam aplikasinya, petani sudah terbiasa melakukan pencampuran 2-5 macam pestisida sekali semprot. Kendala utama hama dan penyakit bawang merah adalah ulat grayak, ngoler dan trotol, sedangkan pada cabai merah adalah, layu, krapak dan thrips. Dukungan Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) dan penyuluhan dirasakan petani intensitasnya masih perlu ditingkatkan. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman dalam melakukan kegiatan penelitian pengembangan PHT pada usahatani tumpanggilir bawang merah dan cabai merah