Endosymbionts of arthropods and nematodes: allies to fight infectious diseases?
2011
Les arthropodes et les nématodes sont des acteurs importants de la santé humaine en étant soit des vecteurs de pathogènes (bactéries, champignons, protozoaires, virus), soit eux-mêmes des parasites. Si la lutte contre les maladies infectieuses repose essentiellement sur l’utilisation de la vaccination ou de traitements curatifs chez l’homme, la réduction des populations de vecteurs ou la limitation de leur compétence vectorielle constitue des stratégies alternatives de contrôle. Dans ce domaine, des travaux récents sur les bactéries symbiotiques hébergées par les arthropodes et les nématodes permettent d’envisager, et même de mettre en place, des stratégies originales de contrôle.
Show more [+] Less [-]Arthropods and nematodes are important protagonists in human health because either they act as vectors of pathogens (bacteria, protozoa, viruses or fungus), or are themselves parasites. Fighting infectious diseases is based essentially on vaccination (prevention) or chemotherapeutic (curative) approaches in human, but one can envisage as an alternative to reduce the number of vectors or limit their ability to spread pathogens. Such strategies controling dissemination will undoubtedly benefit from the knowledge accumumulated by recent works on powerful mechanisms developped by symbiotic insect bacteria such as Wolbachia to popagate in arthropods and nematods. This review summarizes these recent data, and indicate how these mechanisms can be manipulated to reduce the dissemination of insect vectors propagating human diseases.
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