Makroelementu iznese saldajiem un skābajiem ķiršiem | [Macroelements output for sweet and sour cherries]

It is important to know the removal of mineral nutrients in order to provide the plants with the necessary substances, but to prevent excessive fertilization. The aim of the study was to determine nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium content and with formation of the crown and the yield caused by the harvested crop for sour cherries, and of different height sweet cherries. The first part of the research was carried out by Institute of Horticulture for producers in the institute's cherry orchard in Dobele for trees in three replicates: for the sweet cherry variety ‘Meelika’ on a tall rootstock P. mahaleb and a small rootstock Gisela 5 (further – ‘Meelika’/ P. mahaleb and ‘Meelika’/ Gisela 5), as well as sour cherries ‘Latvijas Zemais 52’on rootstock P. mahaleb. The macronutrient content of the plant parts samples was determined in dry matter: nitrogen (N) — according to the Kjeldahl method, phosphorus and potassium (P and K) according to Egner-Riem methods, calcium and magnesium (Ca and Mg) — according to direct titration methods with EDTA at the Laboratory of Soil and Agrochemistry of the Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. The same analyzes were performed on harvested and weighed crops for samples. The amount of macronutrients carried away with the harvest was calculated crop and crown formation in spring and summer, as well as the total output. Biomass yield for cherry trees when forming the crown in spring, the total weight of the cut branches was 1.1−2.2 kg (Table 1). Both sweet cherries on different rootstocks, and sour cherries had a higher macronutrient content in one-year shoots than in perennial wood. For sweet cherry ‘Meelika’/P. mahaleb and sour cherry ‘Latvijas Zemais 52’ nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in annual shoots differed markedly from perennial woods. For the sweet cherry ‘Meelika’/Gisela 5, this difference was less pronounced, biennial branches also had N, P and K content relatively high. In addition, the cherries grown on the rootstock Gisela 5 in the wood were essential higher Ca content than other cherries. Perennial branches formed the largest mass (avg 42−62%) from those cut in spring formation branches, and the macroelements carried with them make up a large part of the total macronutrients borne in spring. Table 1 shows the biomass yield per cherry tree per year. Table 2 shows the macronutrient content of the dry matter of the various cherry samples in spring and summer, and table 3 — the amount of macroelements per cherry tree per year.