Utjecaj različite gnojidbe na oplošje korijena travnog busena | Effects of different fertilization on root surface area of turfgrass

Croatian. Trave se koriste za stvaranje bogatih i kvalitetnih travnjaka. Kod proizvodnje travnog busena (tepiha) važan faktor je dobro razvijen korijen koji služi za opskrbu biljke vodom i hranjivim elementima, ali i zato što, kad je dobro razvijen i rasprostranjen na dubini 3-5cm, omogućava lakše rezanje traka jer onemogućava rasipanje tla te time olakšava pakiranje, transport i postavljanje samih traka. Glavnina korijena trave nalazi se na 3-10cm dubine. Nejednaka raspodjela vode i hraniva u tlu uzrokuje promjene u morfologiji i distribuciji korijenovog sustava. Zbog važnosti korijenovog sustava u proizvodnji travnog busen (tepiha), cilj rada bio je istražiti kako gnojidba različitim gnojivima utječe na njegov rast i razvoj, prvenstveno oplošje. U tu svrhu je u tvrtki “„Hortikultura Ćustić“ u Botincu, proveden poljski gnojidbeni pokus s travnim busenom metodom latinskog kvadrata s pet tretmana kako slijedi: a) kontrola – negnojeno [kont]; b) 100gm-2 NPK 15-15-15 predsjetveno [NPK]; c) 100gm-2 NPK 15-15-15 uz 15gm-2 KAN-a predsjetveno, te tri prihrane s po 15gm-2 KAN-a [NPK+KAN]; d) 100gm-2 NPK 15-15-15 uz 15gm-2 amonijevog sulfata predsjetveno te tri prihrane s po 15gm-2 amonijevog sulfata [NPK+AS]; e) 100gm-2 NPK 15-15-15 uz 10Lm-2 kiselog litvanijskog treseta predsjetveno [NPK+tres]. Sjeme trave izravno je sijano na tlo i utisnuto valjkom. Uzorkovanje korijena provedeno je u četiri navrata valjkastom sondom od nehrđajućeg inoksa promjera 5cm, kreiranoj upravo za tu namjenu, na tri dubine. Korijen je odvojen od čestica tla, skeniran na Epson perfection V700 skeneru upravljan WinRhizo softverom. Podaci su obrađeni uz pomoć statističkog programskog paketa SAS System for Win Ver. 9.1. Temeljem rezultata istraživanja o oplošju korijena sugerira se gnojidba sa 100gm-2 NPK 15-15-15 u kombinaciji s 15gm-2 KAN-a predsjetveno i s mjesečnim prihranama s po 15g0m-2 KAN-a jer je takva gnojidba rezultirala povoljnim oplošjem korijena koji može osigurati dovoljno hraniva za kvalitetan i lijep izgled nadzemnog dijela što je pokazala i vizualna dijagnostika na terenu.

English. Grasses are used to create rich and high-quality lawn. For the production of turfgrass important factor is the well-developed root that supplies the plant with water and nutrient elements, but also when it is well developed and wide spread in depth 3-5 cm allows easier cutting turfgrass stripes of lawn, in order to prevent wasting of soil and packaging, transporting and setting the strips. The majority of grass roots is in between 3-10 cm below the soil surface. Unequal distribution of water and nutrients in the soil causes a change in morphology and distribution of root system. Because of the importance of the root system in the production of turfgrass, the aim of this study was to investigate effects of different fertilization on growth and development of turfgrass. For this purpose, in the company “Horticultura Ćustić” in Botinec, the field fertilization experiment was conducted with turfgrass by Latin square method with five treatments as follows: a) control-unfertilized [cont]; b) 100 g m-2 NPK15-15-15 before sowing [NPK]; c) 100 g m-2 NPK15-15- 15 with 15 g m-2 KAN before sowing, and three applications of topdressing with 15 g m-2 KAN [NPK+KAN]; d) 100 g m-2 NPK15-15-15 with 15 g m-2 ammonium sulfate before sowing and three applications of topdressing with 15 g m-2 ammonium sulfate [NPK+AS]; e) 100 g m-2 NPK15-15-15 with 10 L m-2 Lithuanian acid peat before sowing [NPK+peat]. Grass seed was sown directly on the soil, and pressed into the ground with a roller. Root sampling was conducted on four occasions with cylindrical probe 5 cm in diameter stainless inox, created precisely for this purpose, in 3 depths. The root was separated from the soil particles, scanned on Epson Perfection V700 scanner driven by WinRhizo software. Data were analyzed using the statistical software package SAS System for WinVer.9.1. Based on the results of research on root surface area we suggest fertilizing with 100 g m-2 15-15-15 NPK in combination with 15 g m-2 KAN before sowing and monthly topdressing with 15 g m-2 KAN because such fertilization can provide enough nutrients for good quality and beautiful appearance of turfgrass revealed by visual diagnosis in the field.