LUPINE GRAIN MIXTURES IN THE CENTRAL NON-BLACK EARTH REGION: WEATHER, AGROTECHNOLOGY ELEMENTS, PRODUCTIVITY
2023
Kononchuk, V. V. | C. M., Tymoshenko | Nazarova, T. O. | Shtyrkhunov, V. D. | Tulinova, E. A. | Nikitochkin, D. N. | Belyaev, E. V.
On soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil of the Center of the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation with a supply of 0-20 cm layer of mobile phosphorus and potassium not lower than IV-V groups according to accepted gradations and pHKCl 4.5-6.5, mixed crops of lupine with filmy oats and spring wheat the maximum harvest of crude protein and metabolizable energy of 0.87 and 0.90 t/ha, 63.0 and 52.5 GJ/ha, grain yields of 5.22 and 3.42 t/ha were provided under conditions of excessive moisture (HTC 2.29) at a lupine seeding rate of 1.8 million/ha in the variants N50Р60К80 and Р60К80, respectively. In mixtures of lupine with barley and naked oats, the maximum level of productivity was created at HTC 0.90 in variants N50Р60К80 and Р60К80 with lupine seeding rates of 1.8 and 1.6 million/ha against the background of three-time application of liquid microfertilizers of organic nature: crude protein - 0.94 and 1.03 t/ha, exchange energy - 61.9 and 52.4 GJ/ha, grain yield - 5.16 and 4.04 t/ha. With normal or increased moisture (HTC 1.39 and 1.65), all the studied mixtures created the maximum productivity against the background of Р60К80 and lupine seeding rates of 1.6-1.8 million/ha: crude protein - 0.68-0.80 t /ha, exchange energy - 40.6-46.8 GJ/ha, yield - 3.2-3.7 t/ha. Grain mixtures, on the best productivity options in terms of providing 1 kg of feed units with exchange energy and crude protein, corresponded to quality classes 1-2: 9.6-10.2 MJ and 125-200 g, respectively
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