Soil management in the Atlantic Forest’s rural properties:: the Águas Claras Reserve case

English. The Atlantic Forest biome includes a diversified group of forest ecosystems, which are very important in the process of increasing biomass and, consequently, carbon storage. Fundamental for the maintenance of soil life, forest biomass also has an economic use and has been utilized as raw material for energy supply. The interaction of permacultural elements with the systemic flows of matter and energy benefits the environment and provides sustainable resources for human life in line with the UN 2030 Agenda’s sustainable development goals. Aligning the increase in biomass with the agricultural technique of green adubation enhances soil recycling, reduces water loss, it also reduces the growth of unwanted plants for agricultural production. Such benefits act in the acceleration of the degraded areas recovery processes, such as those that can be evidenced in the territory of study of the present work: two Conservation Units (UC), of the Private Natural Heritage Reserve type (RPPN), the RPPN Águas Claras I and II and their surroundings. The Águas Claras I and II RPPNs are located in the Macabu River watershed, in the Carukango River microbasin. Thus, this work aims to study the association of reforestation and agroforestry projects to local biomass level, using the inventory of natural species from the RPPN, in order to provide the increase in forest biomass and to stimulate the improvement of soil conditions in the reserve.

Portuguese. The environmental benefits arising from the interaction between matter and energy flows of permacultural systems acceleratethe recovery processes of degraded areas, which can be potentiated by the increase of plant biomass associated with thegreen manure technique, proposed in this work for the study territory: the surroundings of two Conservation Units (UC),of the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) type, the RPPN Águas Claras I and II. The RPPN Águas Claras I andII are located in the Macabu River basin, a microbasin of the Carukango River. The objective of this study was to analyzeareas submitted to reforestation and agroforestry system (SAF) projects, through estimates of local biomass obtained withthe aid of secondary data from the UCs’ forest inventory. As a result, it was possible to list Ficus sp and Sparattospermaleucanthum as priority native species for forest restoration. It was concluded that it is necessary to consort the two specieswith the planting of species considered green manures, in order to increase forest biomass and stimulate the improvementof soil conditions in the degraded portion of the reserve. This strategy can accelerate the regeneration process, as indicatedby secondary soil analysis data using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS),performed in the area of implementation of the SAF.