Effect of Duration and Composition of Seed Priming on Germination Indices and Yield of Wheat (cv. Mehregan) in Khorramshahr Region (South west of Iran)

BACKGROUND: salicylic acid and gibberellic acid plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes such as growth, plant development, ion absorption, photosynthesis and germination depending on the desired concentration, plant species, growth period and environmental conditions.OBJECTIVES: This study was investigated the effect of duration and combination of seed priming on the germination indices and yield of wheat cultivar (Mehregan).METHODS: Current research was conducted in two field and laboratory experiments in Khorramshahr in 2019-20. The first experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design with two factors and three replications and the second experiment was carried out as a factorial based on completely randomized design with 3 replications in the laboratory of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz branch. Experimental factors included seed priming duration at three levels (including 2, 4 and 6 hours) and priming types at 4 levels including Hydropriming (distilled water), salicylic acid hormone priming at 50 ppm, gibberellic acid hormonal priming at 100 ppm, and urban tap water (control)) were performed.RESULT: The results showed that the effect of seed priming duration and composition on germination percentage and rate, root length, grain yield, number of spikes per m2 and number of grains per spike influenced these traits. The highest percentage and rate of seed germination was related to hormonal compounds from 6 hours of seed priming and priming. Interaction duration and seed priming composition had a significant effect on germination rate, seed yield and spike number per m2. The highest grain yield in soaking the seeds for 6 hours in hormonal substances (average 445.02 gr per m2) and the lowest yield (with an average 322.41 gr per m2) to soaking the seeds for 2 hours in tap water allocation Found.CONCLUSION: In general, in vitro and field priming of wheat seed with hormonal compounds (gibberellic and salicylic acid) for 6 hours can be effective in increasing germination indices and grain yield and the plant responds better than to other treatments applied.