Techno-chemical investigation of Azalea flowers.
2023
Qajaia L. | Iluridze N. | Gilauri N.
Azalea plant belongs to the Rhododendron family (Ericaceae), which includes approximately 130 species, about 20 of which are found in the Far East, Siberia and the Caucasus. It is a perennial plant distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, the mountains of East Asia and North America. Large massifs of the Azalea plant are found in the wild in Georgia, Ukraine and the Krasnodar Krai (Russian Federation). Plants of this species are rich in various natural compounds: flavonoids, tannins, pigments, toxins, triterpenoids, essential oils, etc. The Azalea plant is investigated in order to receive the absolute oil and concrete from its flowers. The influence of solvent, time of flower gathering and flower crown components (stems, sepals) on concrete and absolute oil outcome and quality are investigated. According to the research, Azalea extraction is advised to be conducted with petroleum ether in room temperature conditions (18-230 C); Azalea flowers should be gathered in the first part of a day during the beginning of blooming period and massive blooming; Azalea flowers should be processed with the stems and sepals – flower head. The average concrete yield from Azalea flowers is 0.33%, and average absolute oil yield from concrete – 64.5%. The Azalea flower’s concrete organoleptic and physico-chemical properties are studied and it is established that concrete quality oroperties totally satisfy concrete standards. The study results were taken into account when developing the Azalea flower processing technology. Tab. 2, Ref. 9.
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