Availability of essential amino acids, nutrient utilisation and growth in juvenile black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, following fishmeal replacement by plant protein
2011
Richard, Lenaïg | Surget, Anne | Rigolet, Vincent | Kaushik, Sadasivam, S. | Geurden, Inge, I. | Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture (NUMEA) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Aqualma | UNIMA | The authors acknowledge Frederic Terrier and Peyo Aguirre for their help during diet manufacturing and to Marie Jo Borthaire and Vincent Michel for assistance with the laboratory analyses. Special thanks are due to Christian Ramamonjisoa (Aqualma facility) for his technical assistance. L. R., S. K. and I. G designed the study. L. R. did the data analysis. L. R., S. K. and I. G contributed to the drafting of the paper. A. S. did the AA analyses. L. R. and V. R. contributed to the organisation of the experiment in Madagascar. There are no contractual agreements for the presented data which might cause conflicts of interest. The authors acknowledge UNIMA and institutional funds from INRA for funding this study and ANRT (France) for the scholarship to L.R. (CIFRE PhD Research Grant).
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Show more [+] Less [-]English. Two trials with juvenile black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) were undertaken to study the effects of replacing fishmeal by different levels of plant proteins on growth performances and nutrient utilisation of shrimp in semi-intensive conditions (Expt. 1) and on the availability of dietary nitrogen (N) and amino acids (Expt. 2). Five isoproteic diets (on crude protein basis) were formulated to contain 34, 24, 16, 8, or 0% fishmeal, with fishmeal being replaced by a mixture of plant protein (corn gluten meal, wheat gluten, and rapeseed meal). In Expt. 1, the shrimp (initial body weight, IBW 1.5 ± 0.1 g) were reared in earthen ponds for 144 days and fed one of the experimental diets. Apparent digestibility of nutrients and AA were assessed in Expt. 2, using 150 L tanks and shrimp of 12.8 ± 0.4 g IBW. After 144 days in grow-out ponds, shrimp fed the diet with 24% of fishmeal had similar growth as those fed the control diet containing 34% fishmeal (0% replacement). When 50% or more of the fishmeal were replaced, weight gain as well as N and energy gains significantly decreased. Digestibility of dry matter, protein and energy was also significantly lower in all fishmeal-replaced diets. In particular, leucine digestibility decreased by 26% at 100% replacement, which was significantly correlated to an increased incorporation of corn gluten meal. Our data confirm the need to improve our knowledge on AA availability and raw material quality in order to improve fishmeal replacement in P. monodon diets.
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